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Palestinian Terrorist Groups
Palestinian Terrorist Groups:
A Continuing Threat
Despite the progress between Israel and the Palestinians, there are
still Palestinian groups engaged in terrorist activities. In February
and March, 1996 these groups launched a series of bus bombings
in Israel, killing more than 60 civilians. These same forces have
been responsible for dozens of other attacks, on soldiers and
civilians, since the signing of the Declaration of Principles in 1993
in an effort to destroy the peace process. These groups refuse to
make peace with Israel under any circumstances and include:
Hamas: Originally a social welfare organization, Hamas has
evolved into a militant anti-peace process organization bent on
Israel's total destruction and the establishment of a Palestinian
State. Hamas has been responsible for the majority of terrorist
attacks that have occurred since the signing of the Declaration of
Principles on September 13, 1993. It has tens of thousands of
supporters in the West Bank and Gaza and receives its primary
funding from Iran. Hamas also operates an extensive fund-raising
network in the United States. Anti-terrorism legislation passed in
1995 was aimed at stopping this activity.
Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ): The PIJ originated among militant
Palestinian fundamentalists in the Gaza Strip in the 1970s. It
espouses Islamic holy war with the goal of the destruction of Israel
and the creation of an Islamic Palestinian State. Because of
America's support for Israel, the U.S. is considered an enemy of the
PIJ. The PIJ also operates a network in the United States.
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP): Founded in
1967 by George Habash, this Marxist-Leninist group advocates
Pan-Arab revolution, opposes the 1993 Declaration of Principles,
and has suspended its membership in the PLO. The PFLP has
claimed responsibility for a number of attacks.
Palestine Liberation Front (PLF): The PLF is split into pro-PLO,
pro-Syrian, and pro-Libyan factions. The pro-PLO Abu Abbas
group is based in Iraq, openly supported Iraq in the Gulf War, and
has been responsible for numerous terrorist attacks, including the
1985 attack on the Achille Lauro cruise ship in which U.S. citizen
Leon Klinghoffer was murdered.
Radical Islamic Ideology
While the great majority of Muslims do not embrace radical Islamic
ideology, the groups that do are threats to the U.S., Israel and to
moderate Arab regimes. Whatever differences in emphasis may
exist among these groups, they share several common features:
A belief in the use of violence to achieve their political goals.
A refusal to accept non-Muslims as equal citizens in the Middle East.
Rejection of Jewish sovereignty on any land in Israel.
The aim to impose an Islamic form of government throughout the Middle East.
No distinction between military and civilian targets.
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